Sol Michael Gruner

Experimentalist studying bio materials and soft condensed matter using x-rays as a primary tool. Areas include study of effects of pressure on soft matter, properties of novel block copolymer directed inorganic composites, new ways to determine macromolecular structure via microcrystallography, and properties of surfactant and membrane lyotropic systems. Developed CCD detectors for X-rays that are now used at almost every synchrotron radiation facility. Prominent developer of X-ray and electron microscope pixel array detectors and new X-ray synchrotron radiation technology and methodologies.