Acknowledgments

Special thanks to all of the experts interviewed for this report:

Jessica Baldwin-Philippi, associate professor in the Communication and Media Studies Department at Fordham University

Henry E. Brady, dean of the Goldman School of Public Policy and Class of 1941 Monroe Deutsch Professor of Political Science and Public Policy at the University of California, Berkeley

Joan Donovan, director of the Technology and Social Change Research Project at Harvard Kennedy School’s Shorenstein Center on Media Politics and Public Policy

Deen Freelon, associate professor in the Hussman School of Journalism and Media at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Sam Gill, vice president of Communities and Impact and senior advisor to the president at the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation

Gary King, Albert J. Weatherhead III University Professor at Harvard University, director of the Institute for Quantitative Social Science, and director of Social Science One

Kate Klonick, assistant professor of law at St. John’s University and affiliate fellow at the Information Society Project at Yale Law School and New America

David Lazer, professor of political science and computer and information science at Northeastern University and co-director of the NULab for Texts, Maps, and Networks

Jonathan Nagler, co-director of the New York University Social Media and Political Participation (SMaPP) Lab and director of the NYU Politics Data Center

Alondra Nelson, president of the Social Science Research Council and Harold F. Linder Chair in the School of Social Science at the Institute for Advanced Study

Christian Sandvig, professor of digital media at the University of Michigan and director of ESC: the Center for Ethics, Society, and Computing

Jen Schradie, assistant professor at the Observatoire Sociologique du Changement (OSC) at Sciences Po in Paris

Aaron Smith, director of Data Labs at the Pew Research Center

Francesca Tripodi, assistant professor of sociology at James Madison University and affiliated researcher with the Data & Society Research Institute

Ethan Zuckerman, associate professor of the Practice in Media Arts and Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and director of the MIT Center for Civic Media